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Etiology - The main cause of myopia (nearsightedness) is a distortion in the shape of the cornea/eyeball. Common factors that exacerbate this deformity include genetics and prolonged up-close visual tasks (e.g., reading or screen time).
Symptoms - Blurry distance vision, eye strain/fatigue, squinting, headaches, and trouble seeing while night driving.
Details - Myopia is extremely common and often a mixture of genetic and environmental factors. It occurs when the cornea is either overly curved or the eyeball itself is too horizontally long. Such distortion then causes light to focus in front of the retina, leading to cloudy and unclear vision of objects at distance.
Treatment - Like astigmatism and hyperopia (farsightedness), myopia can be treated with prescription glasses/contacts or LASIK surgery.
Visual example of how light focuses in an eye with myopia vs without.
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